Intelligence and Theory for Educational Evaluation and Policy

Question: Discuss about theIntelligence and Theory for Educational Evaluation and Policy Analysis. Answer: According to extract from Teachers TV intelligence revolves round superior quality performance in tasks that require cognitive skills where the individual is able to strike a chord between brain and bodily movements. Cognition is required in the execution of intelligence since it helps an individual to reason, perceive and use logiomathmatical skills while performing a task. The same has been demonstrated in a concise manner with the help of famous sportsman David Beckham and his outstanding capabilities of striking a goal. This is one clear demonstration of intelligence with the maximum retention of details and information in mind for the perfect harmonization and infusion of them in order to solve a situation. It can be therefore never concluded in a simplistic manner that a sportsman does not need intelligence since it requires the highest collaboration of cognitive skills in order to make decision during a crucial moment. The mental and physical balance that the athlete achieves is itself one instance of possessing intelligent agent faculties. In the short video, it is well discernable how the athletes are required to make instant decisions crucial to winning and losing in an activity where there is no scope of acting on sheer impulse. One of the other most fundamental aspects of intelligence is brain power manipulation for the purpose of achieving something (Nilan, 2018). Two contrasting school subjects would be Mathematics and History, the former requires problem solving skills, language system, working memory, inhibitory processes and visual spatial processing for the purpose of information grasping and manipulation, use of conceptual knowledge required for maths. The later is about memory, ability to recapitulate facts require the cognitive skills of working memory and sequencing. The child and adult are both intelligent since they are both in possession of basic cognitive skills like attention, memory, imagination, awareness towards external events and thinking which they can apply in critical problem solving skills like adults. However in case of adults it is particularly different since adults use brain in a more efficient manner than children. This is apparent in the usage of brain and performance of task with different level of brain proficiency. Adults are more activated in using the brain regions when compared to the children and therefore can be termed more intelligent when compared to children. They are dissimilar in verbal IQ, capability for processing information, picture comprehension where the WAIS scale was more stable in adults than in children. Verbal intelligence aspects like vocabulary and comprehension are also better in the adults than found within the children. Another key area of difference is children are at a developmental stage of cognitive skills while in adults, they are present in a complete manner. In adults cognitive development results from a complex process in multiple ranges where will the components of brain gain full shape resulting in making the individual interactive. According to me intelligence is the collective ability to use memory, experience and imagination in order to solve problems and learn from the experience. It also helps in reasoning, thinking abstractly, making analogies and therefore overcome obstacles (West et al 2016). I have chosen this particular formulation because it involves a close harmony and collaboration of cognitive skills resulting in undertaking of judicious action that can be termed as intelligence. Reference List: Nilan, M. (2018). PGCE International - Understanding Learning. [online] Nottingham.ac.uk. Available at: https://www.nottingham.ac.uk/~ttzelrn/understanding-learning-e/unit2/section2.php [Accessed 22 Apr. 2018]. West, M.R., Kraft, M.A., Finn, A.S., Martin, R.E., Duckworth, A.L., Gabrieli, C.F. and Gabrieli, J.D., 2016. Promise and paradox: Measuring students non-cognitive skills and the impact of schooling.Educational Evaluation and Policy Analysis,38(1), pp.148-170.

Reader-Oriented Criticism free essay sample

Reader-Oriented Criticism This essay will summarize what Reader-Oriented Criticism actually is and how it plays a role with in Friday Night Lights. First of all, Reader-Oriented Criticism is the interaction of what the text was written to mean and how the viewer reads it, also known as text-reader relationships. â€Å"As such, reader-oriented criticism is largely concerned with â€Å"potential† as opposed to â€Å"actualized† meanings of the text to an audience† (Vande 331). The text throughs out cues on how they would like the text to be read. There are two ways that the text can be presented: â€Å"Open text invites you to view it in many interpretations, while Closed text only gives you one view on how to interoperate it† (Dr. M. Camacho). However within Reader-Oriented Criticism text is always left open for the reader to view and understand it however they wish. Once the viewer has started â€Å"to subconsciously wonder how the story will go next, entering the space of the show,† then they have entered liminal space (Dr. We will write a custom essay sample on Reader-Oriented Criticism or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page M. Camacho). Every TV show has its own little implied meanings which is what the implied author wants the implied viewer to subconsciously receive. From the begging of Friday Night Lights you can tell that the whole town is all about football and Christian faith, who is also the implied author. The director invite you into liminal space at the beginning through the constant movements and angle changes of the cameras making the implied viewer see that the implied author, again the town, is all about football. So not just the whole town, but the whole show is about football, that even you, the real viewer, is alongside the rest of the town waiting for the next game. Thus the implied vier would be each individual players on the team, learning that the whole town is watching them and expecting them to show that football and god are at the same level. Throughout the show it keeps inviting you in to see it as if you are actually in the game: the whole lighting of the show is all natural with many shadows, like it is when the flood lights are on in the game. When the game actually begins the sound of everything dies down to a whisper, the crowds cheering, the couches yelling, the fireworks up over head, can all barley be heard. However every little grunt and smash would ring through the speakers as if it was ringing though youre own ears, once again putting you on that field, giving and taking those blows. Once the game is done the team stops and prays reminding you that god is just as important as football and that we wouldnt be here today with this victory without him. These are all examples of ways that the Friday Night Lights was written and designed to take anyone, even someone that doesnt care for sports to sit on the edge of their seats by the end of the episode waiting for that touchdown and cheer when ball gets passed that final line.

Benefits of Action Research

Introduction to Action Research Action research is an additional form of professional development that focuses on methods applied by teachers in efforts to improve learning. It is done through collaboration with the community, teachers, and students. In involves classroom-based inquiries on various topics relevant to the stakeholders.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Benefits of Action Research specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Through action research, teachers are allowed to make decisions for the good of all students. Research findings have it that teachers are affected by research carried on them by other people. It affects their morale, leading to a decline in the academic performance of students. It is also noted that giving students too much power leaves most teachers with little or no control over classroom activities. The development is harmful as it negatively affects the performance of the students. Givin g teachers the power to design and implement their research work improves the overall performance of the students (Ros Meyer, 2002). The current essay revolves around action research in the school setting. The author will highlight some of the benefits of action research, in addition to the barriers encountered in implementing the strategy. The author will also pose various questions with regard to action research. Benefits of Action Research Action research is beneficial to both students and teachers. The various benefits of this phenomenon include professional development. Such a development results from collaborative action work. Action research also improves the culture adopted in the school. To this end, different research methodologies are applied to bring about change and development in education. Engagement in the classroom improves personal and professional values of the teachers, including their self esteem, self-efficacy, and collegiality.Advertising Looking for ess ay on education? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Another advantage of action research is empowerment of teachers. In this case, teachers are given the power to make and implement their decisions. The powers to conduct classroom inquiries and those concerned with day-to-day running of the school are vested on the teachers. The empowerment improves their working knowledge and status, which are essential to the success of the students. The teachers plan, organize, and nurture relationships in the school. The teachers improve their professionalism by engaging in curriculum conversations (Ros Meyer, 2002). Action research fosters development of skills pertaining to critical thinking, problem solving, collaboration, and ethical decision making. Teachers are required to adopt teaching practices that are beneficial to their students. The teachers hypothesize and test the practices they think are best suited to the career needs of their st udents. Action research enhances the status of the teachers through collective participation. Teachers who participate in action research and who share their findings with stakeholders are respected. The expertise gained from research turns teachers into advocates for those practices that can improve and promote students’ learning. Their discoveries are adopted by other teachers to improve learning. By sharing new ideas, teachers learn from each other. They become more connected and broaden their perspective. Teachers become more involved in issues affecting their school and students. They begin to view themselves as responsible leaders with a voice and duty of contributing to school matters. Action research promotes the development of a community of learners. It enhances the development of educational leaders and top-notch researchers. The entire community benefits from these leaders since they learn from each other (Ros Meyer, 2002).Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Benefits of Action Research specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Limitations of Action Research Action research has numerous barriers. The barriers hinder data collection, participation, and analysis of findings. It increases anxiety among teachers. Many teachers are intimidated by the language and unethical ways of thinking used by researchers. Teachers may be isolated by researchers since they perceive them as critical thinkers and analyzers of essential facts. The differential status adopted by some researchers also limits action research. Many teachers perceive this aspect as a tool tailored to ridicule their activities. Lack of ownership is another setback in action research. Students review only those articles that serve their own interests. They fail to review articles of less interest, hindering action research. There are also institutional issues that negatively affect action research. Action research is perceived as an asset for opening up the school activities to the outsiders. Based on the sensitivity of the research, administrators paralyze any activity that can open their administration to criticism (Shuiman, 2005). Advantages of Classroom-Based Inquiries Conducting classroom-based inquiries facilitates improvement through change. Participation in classroom inquiries generates commitment. The increased commitment is vital in improving students’ achievement. Classroom inquiry also develops teachers’ professional experiences, allowing them to take responsibility for their growth (Lang, 2004). Three Action Research Questions Questions for teachers engaged in action research originate from their classrooms. They come as a result of uncertainties, conflict of ideas, and the desire to learn. Teachers use a variety of research questions to investigate the use and adoption of technology by their students. Before framing research questions, a research plan must be developed to capt ure such details as the purpose of the research, need for innovation, and the subjects to be covered (Cousin, 2000). Following are three action research questions:Advertising Looking for essay on education? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More What is the impact of using computer-based instrumentation in science classrooms? What is the effect of using database in classrooms? What is the impact of computer technology on students’ motivation? Application of Participatory Action Research Approach to Create a Universally Designed Inclusive High School Science Course: A Case Study The main question for the case study was: â€Å"Do all students acquire uniform education?’’. The study was aimed at analyzing the learning problems faced by the disabled students. The participants included one unified science general education teacher and two unified science special education co-teachers. The study involved students with and without disabilities. Data was collected using interviews, review of documents, and focus group discussion for one year. The data was quantified using a constant comparative method and later analyzed (Cousin, 2000). Conclusion Action research is a vital tool in identifying the challenges affecting students, teachers, and communities in general. It must be encouraged to improve and mentor the future career of the students. With improved information and communication technology, it is possible to reduce educational challenges and, as a result, improve the performance of both students and teachers. Though action research is affected by many factors, patience and tolerance must be embraced to enhance its success. References Cousin, G. (2000). Action research. Web. Lang, F. (2004). The dynamics of school-based learning in initial teacher education. Research Papers in Education, 19(2), 185-204. Ros, H., Meyer, A. (2002). Teaching every student in the digital age: Universal design for learning. Alexandria, VA: The Association for Supervision and Curriculum Development. Shuiman, L. (2005). Opening lines: Approaches to the scholarship of teaching and learning. Web. Zaaba, Z. (2009). Science and technology education in English: A case study of language policy in Malaysia. Ku ala Lumpur: The International Conference on the Social Science and Humanities (ICOSH). This essay on Benefits of Action Research was written and submitted by user Mayson Vargas to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Free Essays on Treating Fragile X Syndrome

Treating Fragile X Syndrome Individuals with Fragile X may have a cluster of physical, behavioral, mental, and other characteristics. These symptoms may vary in number and degree among affected children. In the best of circumstances, early identification of a child with Fragile X and subsequent treatment involves a team of professionals. These might include a speech and language pathologist, an occupational therapist (perhaps even a specialist in sensory integration), a physical therapist, a special education teacher, a genetics counselor, and a psychologist. Behavioral Characteristics The most prevalent behavioral characteristics of children with Fragile X are attention problems and hyperactivity, known as attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). ADHD is frequently treated with medication, generally central nervous system stimulants such as methylphenidate (Ritalin ®), pemoline (Cylert ®) and dextroamphetamine (Dexedrine ®). Because these drugs have side effects that include irritability and poor appetite, alternatives such as amantadine and clonidine may be appropriate. Amantadine has been used with surprising success to treat hyperactivity and attention difficulties in children with low IQs, for whom stimulants are generally less effective. Fragile X children with ADHD may benefit from the addition of tricyclic antidepressants or a major tranquilizer such as thioridazine (Mellaril ®). Because mood swings and temper tantrums present major difficulties for children with Fragile X, psychotherapeutic medications such as Lithium and more recently fluoxetine (Prozac ®) have helped control aggression and outbursts. Anticonvulsants such as carbamazepine or valproate, used if seizures are present, can also help treat behavior problems, including aggression in males with Fragile X. Children with Fragile X have strong reactions to changes in their environment, and their heightened anxiety can compound their behavioral difficu... Free Essays on Treating Fragile X Syndrome Free Essays on Treating Fragile X Syndrome Treating Fragile X Syndrome Individuals with Fragile X may have a cluster of physical, behavioral, mental, and other characteristics. These symptoms may vary in number and degree among affected children. In the best of circumstances, early identification of a child with Fragile X and subsequent treatment involves a team of professionals. These might include a speech and language pathologist, an occupational therapist (perhaps even a specialist in sensory integration), a physical therapist, a special education teacher, a genetics counselor, and a psychologist. Behavioral Characteristics The most prevalent behavioral characteristics of children with Fragile X are attention problems and hyperactivity, known as attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). ADHD is frequently treated with medication, generally central nervous system stimulants such as methylphenidate (Ritalin ®), pemoline (Cylert ®) and dextroamphetamine (Dexedrine ®). Because these drugs have side effects that include irritability and poor appetite, alternatives such as amantadine and clonidine may be appropriate. Amantadine has been used with surprising success to treat hyperactivity and attention difficulties in children with low IQs, for whom stimulants are generally less effective. Fragile X children with ADHD may benefit from the addition of tricyclic antidepressants or a major tranquilizer such as thioridazine (Mellaril ®). Because mood swings and temper tantrums present major difficulties for children with Fragile X, psychotherapeutic medications such as Lithium and more recently fluoxetine (Prozac ®) have helped control aggression and outbursts. Anticonvulsants such as carbamazepine or valproate, used if seizures are present, can also help treat behavior problems, including aggression in males with Fragile X. Children with Fragile X have strong reactions to changes in their environment, and their heightened anxiety can compound their behavioral difficu...

Summary Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 18

Summary - Essay Example The Scales seem to point heavily in favour of presidential primacy as the most prudent and effective approach. It is clear that the Framers agreed that there should be no absolute seat of power. This was achieved by dividing power across the three separate branches of government. Framers were willing to trade military and diplomatic efficiency to preclude either branch from consolidating authority and achieving absolute power. Article I Section 8 states that congress† shall have power†¦to declare war.† Article II Section 2 states that â€Å"The President shall be the Commander-in-Chief.† Unfortunately matters are not so clear and straight forward. The authority of the president as commander-in-chief ought to exist without limitation, because it is impossible to foresee or to define the extent and variety of national exigencies. The political thinker Hugo Grotius noted that a declaration of war contained many legal functions unrelated to the use of armed force – legal aspects of war. In an 1800 opinion rendered in the Eliza case, the court acknowledged a differe nce between formal declared war and a more confined version. In the United States v Curtiss-Wright Export Corporation et.al. decision of 1936, the Court certified the authority of the president with respect to external affairs. It is further noted that on February 15, 1816, the Senate Committee on Foreign Relations reported that â€Å"The President is the constitutional representative of the United States with regard to foreign relations.† The evolution of the legal and political authorities by which the United States approaches war also would appear to be based these legal opinions. In sum, then, two matters seem settled. The Framers clearly acknowledged the broad legal aspects of a war declaration and as such granted this power only to the congress. On the other hand, they also recognized that there were occasions during peacetime when it was necessary to apply military force to realize

Strengths of EBP Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Strengths of EBP - Coursework Example Intervention involves setting and realizing targets, while research emphasizes intervention. Lastly, there is the general evidence, which has resulted to standardization of nursing practice. There are two main reasons that emphasize on the importance of integrating EBP with family practice. First, one’s health is not only limited to medication one uses, but also to the patient’s confidence in the medication given. The second reason is the existence of trust between the doctor and the patient. This eases the patients desire to follow doctor’s instructions to the latter. The doctor is also bound to do his best in such cases. A nurse has a lot of responsibilities when EBP and family practices mismatch. Primarily, nurses should redesign the health care system through creativity and involvement of teamwork. In addition, it is essential to have comfortable programs for research. Furthermore, future workforce should receive proper training as well as current work force. Finally, multiple perspectives should be encouraged in the health system. This results in sound decision-making that will lead to matching EBP and family

Response to articles (to state in the documents uploaded) Essay

Response to articles (to state in the documents uploaded) - Essay Example The two articles dwell on the African American cultures and their influence in decision making. Hughes displays a scenario in which the whites are considered to be superior and of higher class than the African American. He also states the existing social classes within the African Americans. The social standards determine the life style and the child’s development (Marable & Mullings, 2009). The internal composting of families and individuals in an African American set up are determined by the existing stereotypes. These notions associate many negative occurrences to the African American populating (Huggins, 47). The two authors indicate the origin of an individual to be the main reason behind their beliefs and practice. The two authors disagree with each other on matters cross- cultural solidarity. Hughes acknowledges the solidarity. He uses the boys desire to compose poems to show the cultural interchange with the boy aspiring to be a white poet. The initial institution for each individual is the social with background information and practices being blamed to social class. They all agree on how society shapes behaviors with social background determine the nature of person people end up being. The stereotype aspect is enhanced by the family with parents giving their children negative attitude towards a given ethnic group. The authors indicate two relationships between the whites and African American. The ancient relationship in which many associated the blacks and lack formal cultural compositions with many wishing to b born in white. Hughes indicates social differences between the two groups to be the reason behind the negative beliefs existing between the two. The other aspect by the author is the existence of positive beliefs and a change of heart with both cultures showing a sense of appreciation in both the educational ground and social lives. The authors indicate friendship growing between